ACTIVITY OF ORAL LYSOSOMAL ENZYMES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RECURRENT APHTHOUS STOMATITIS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35220/2523-420X/2026.2.8Keywords:
chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis, oral fluid, lysosomal enzyme activity.Abstract
One of the most common diseases of the oral mucosa is chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis (ChRAS). According to domestic and foreign literature, the incidence rate ranges from 3-13% of all patients who seek help with diseases of the oral mucosa. Currently, the etiology and pathogenesis of chronic recurrent aphthous stomatitis is not entirely known. The concept of "Biochemical damage", which was first discussed by K. N. Veremeenko back in 1982, was widely recognized about the pathogenesis of ChRAS, and then V. Y. Sklyar, V. Ya Skiba and their students confirmed this concept. The study of the activity of lysosomal enzymes in oral fluid can determine their role in the pathogenesis of stomatitis. Purpose of the study. To study the activity of lysosomal enzymes in oral fluid in patients with chronic recurrent stomatitis in the first days of AFT in order to study the pathogenesis of the disease. Materials and methods of research. We studied the salivation rate and activity of oral lysosomal enzymes in 31 healthy individuals and 27 patients with ChRAS of both sexes and ages 25-60 years on the first day of AFT onset. Results and their discussion. The study of the rate of secretion of mixed, parotidic and submandibular saliva shows that in patients with chras in the relapse stage, this indicator does not differ from the corresponding indicator in people of the control group. However, the rate of secretion by small salivary glands decreases by 2 times. We note an increase in the activity of cathepsins pH 3.5 and 5.5 in the saliva of large salivary glands and the absence of any changes in the secretion of small salivary glands. Cathepsins are involved in protein renewal and breakdown, and are involved in apoptosis. Their activity increases with inflammation in the tissues. In recurrent ChRAS, there is an increase in the secretion of lysosomal enzymes by large salivary glands and a decrease in the secretion of enzymes by small salivary glands.
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