CLINICAL ASSESSMENT OF PERIODONTAL TISSUE STATUS AND ORAL HYGIENE FOLLOWING DENTAL IMPLANTATION IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFERENT BONE MINERAL DENSITY

Abstract

Studying the influence of bone tissue status on the outcomes of dental implantation is an important scientific and clinical challenge in modern dentistry, as it contributes to improving diagnostic approaches, predicting osseointegration, preventing complications, and enhancing treatment effectiveness in patients with different states of bone metabolism. Objective. To evaluate the influence of bone mineral density and the effectiveness of the proposed therapeutic and preventive protocol on periodontal tissue status and oral hygiene in patients following dental implantation. Materials and Methods. A clinical study was conducted involving patients with different levels of bone mineral density, who were divided into control, comparison, and main groups. Periodontal tissue status was assessed using the Papillary-Marginal- Alveolar (PMA) index, while oral hygiene was evaluated using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) at 3 and 6 months after dental implantation. Statistical analysis was performed using standard statistical methods. Results. Three months after implantation, the lowest PMA index values were observed in patients of the control group with normal bone mineral density. Patients with reduced bone mineral density demonstrated significantly higher PMA values (p<0,01). After 6 months, a decrease in the PMA index was recorded in both the control and main groups, whereas the comparison group showed an increase in PMA values. The highest PMA and OHI-S scores were registered in the comparison group, while significantly lower values were observed in the main group, confirming the effectiveness of the proposed therapeutic and preventive protocol. Conclusions. Reduced bone mineral density is a risk factor for the development of inflammatory changes in periodontal tissues following dental implantation. The proposed therapeutic and preventive protocol reduces the severity of periodontal inflammation, improves oral hygiene, and may contribute to a more predictable postoperative course.