STUDY OF BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF RAT ORAL FLUID IN THE ANTE- AND POSTNATAL PERIOD AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF THE USE OF A COMPLEX OF ODONTOTROPIC DRUGS

Abstract

Normal enamel mineralization and maintenance of oral- fluid homeostasis in the perinatal period largely depend on an adequate supply of macro- and micronutrients as well as vitamins. Deficiency of these nutrients increases the susceptibility of hard dental tissues to demineralization, leading to the early onset of dental caries. Aim of the study. To determine the effect of antenatal and postnatal administration of sodium fluoride, calcium glycerophosphate, vitamin complexes, and their combination on the biochemical markers of rat oral fluid, under conditions of a cariogenic diet.Materials and Methods. The study was conducted on 14 pregnant female rats and their 69 offspring. Sodium fluoride, calcium glycerophosphate, vitamin complexes, or their combination were administered to pregnant and lactating females. The offspring were maintained on the cariogenic Stephan diet for 30 days. A biochemical analysis of the oral fluid was performed in rats that received various odontotropic agents during the antenatal and early postnatal development period. Statistical analysis was performed using the STATISTICA 6.1 software with Student’s t-test. Results. Ante- and postnatal administration of odontotropic agents reduced protein content by 46–72 %, protease activity by 23–53 %, and ACP activity by 41–54 % compared with controls, whereas ALP remained unchanged. Ca2+ levels increased by 58 % (CaGP), 66 % (AV), and 106 % (combination); phosphate levels rose by 65–70 % in the CaGP, AV, and combination groups. The most pronounced protective effect was observed with combined NaF + CaGP + AV therapy. Conclusions. Ante- and postnatal administration of odontotropic agents suppresses inflammatory-destructive parameters (protein, proteases, ACP) in rat oral fluid, indicating attenuation of cariogenic activity. CaGP and AV individually, and especially their combination with NaF, significantly elevate Ca2+ and phosphate concentrations, thereby enhancing the remineralizing potential of oral fluid. Combined use of NaF, CaGP, and AV during critical developmental periods is an effective caries-preventive strategy and warrants further investigation to elucidate mechanisms of action and optimize prophylactic regimens.