ANALYSIS OF INFLAMMATORY MARKERS IN THE GUMS OF RATS WITH PEROXIDATIVE PERIODONTITIS, NUTRITIONAL PROTEIN DEFICIENCY AND TREATMENT AND PREVENTION MEASURES

Abstract

Periodontitis is among the most prevalent periodontal diseases, and its progression is markedly aggravated by lipoperoxidation and dietary protein deficiency.Contemporary evidence indicates that an imbalance of inflammatory mediators and oxidative homeostasis is a key driver of periodontal tissue destruction; however, the pathogenetic interplay of these processes under conditions of protein malnutrition remains insufficiently explored. The purpose of the study was to experimentally evaluate the effect of a therapeutic drug complex on inflammatory markers in the gums of rats under conditions of peroxidation-induced periodontitis and dietary protein deficiency. Materials and methods. The experiment was conducted on 30 Wistar rats. The animals were divided into three groups: intact (n = 10), combined pathology (peroxidation-induced periodontitis + protein deficiency, n = 10), and combined pathology with subsequent use of a therapeutic-preventive complex (n = 10). The duration of the experiment was 60 days. The level of biochemical markers of inflammation – elastase and acid phosphatase activity – was determined in gingival homogenates.Statistical analysis was performed using the STATISTICA 6.1 software package. Research results. In rats with combined pathology, acid phosphatase activity increased by 43.5 % and elastase activity by 46.7 % versus intact controls, indicating pronounced lysosomal degranulation and proteolytic tissue damage. After 60 days of TPC therapy, acid phosphatase activity decreased by 23.1 % and elastase by 27.0 % relative to untreated pathological controls. Conclusions. The combination of lipoperoxidation and protein deficiency markedly intensifies gingival inflammation, whereas administration of the TPC exerts a potent anti-inflammatory and membrane-stabilizing effect, normalizing key enzymatic markers. These findings support a comprehensive therapeutic approach to the prevention and management of periodontitis under nutritional and metabolic disturbances.