STUDY OF CHANGES IN INDICATORS OF ALVEOLAR BONE ATROPHY AND CARIES PROCESS DEVELOPMENT AGAINST THE BACKGROUND OF STRESS MODELLING AND TREATMENT AND PREVENTION MEASURES

Abstract

Chronic psycho-emotional stress is recognised as a principal cause of metabolic destabilisation in bone and hard-tissue structures of the oral cavity, accelerating both dental-caries progression and resorption of the alveolar process. Accordingly, the search for effective preventive strategies capable of averting such lesions remains an urgent challenge in experimental dentistry. Aim of the study. To determine the effect of a therapeutic drug complex on the dentoalveolar system of rats subjected to prolonged acoustic stress. Materials and methods.The study included 27 male Wistar rats (2 months old), divided into three groups (9 animals in each): an intact group (Group 1), a group exposed to acoustic stress (Group 2), and a group with acoustic stress plus additional administration of a therapeutic-prophylactic complex (Group 3). The experiment lasted for 49 days. Stress was modeled using an ultrasonic repeller (30–65 kHz), operated 6 hours daily, with the combined addition of sound in the audible range. Animals in Group 3 received the therapeutic-prophylactic agents orally. The jaws were isolated for the calculation of dental caries and atrophy of the alveolar ridge of the jaws. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test (p < 0.01). Results. Rats exposed to chronic stress exhibited a 21.4 % increase in the number of carious cavities, a 27.5 % rise in lesion depth, and a 27.3 % increase in alveolar-bone resorption compared with intact controls. Daily administration of the TPC markedly mitigated these destructive changes: caries indices normalised to control levels, and alveolar atrophy decreased by 14.3 % relative to untreated stressed animals. Conclusions. The therapeutic-and-prophylactic complex demonstrated pronounced cariostatic and periodontoprotective effects under conditions of prolonged acoustic stress, underscoring its potential for further pre- clinical and clinical evaluation.